MapReduce Performance Models for Hadoop 2.x

MapReduce is a popular programming model for distributed processing of large data sets. Apache Hadoop is one of the most common open-source implementations of such paradigm. Performance analysis of concurrent job executions has been recognized as a challenging problem, at the same time, that it may provide reasonably accurate job response time at significantly lower cost than experimental evaluation of real setups. In this paper, we tackle the challenge of defining MapReduce performance models for Hadoop 2.x. While there are several efficient approaches for modeling the performance of MapReduce workloads in Hadoop 1.x, the fundamental architectural changes of Hadoop 2.x require that the cost models are also reconsidered. The proposed solution is based on an existing performance model for Hadoop 1.x, but it takes into consideration the architectural changes of Hadoop 2.x and captures the execution flow of a MapReduce job by using queuing network model. This way the cost model adheres to the intra-job synchronization constraints that occur due the contention at shared resources. The accuracy of our solution is validated via comparison of our model estimates against measurements in a real Hadoop 2.x setup. According to our evaluation results, the proposed model produces estimates of average job response time with error within the range of 11% 13.5%.